Olfactory dysfunction is one of the earliest clinical symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), preceding the onset of the motor deficits. PD occurs as a result of altered αsynuclein (α-syn) expression leading to its aggregation. ...

Our olfactory senses are challenged to smell different odorants which vary in their physical and chemical characteristics. The odorants are often transported in turbulent plumes and depending on the source of origin, may ...

In nature, an individual is continuously inundated with multiple sensory stimuli. Adequate reception of information from these stimuli is quintessential for decision-making. The process of decision-making requires activation ...

Rodents in their olfactory environment are encountered by a wide variety of chemical stimuli that vary in their physico-chemical properties. Different olfactory subsystems help rodents process this array of sensory stimuli ...

Glycosaminoglycans are negatively-charged polysaccharide compounds, composed of repeating disaccharide units and found in a majority of metazoan and mammalian tissues. The molecular structure of the GAGs and the pattern ...

In a natural setting, sensory awareness aids the animal in evaluating its surroundings and making appropriate judgments. The results of these choices have an impact on the animal's habitat survival and fitness. Rodents ...

Fox urine odour 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT) has been known to produce avoidance and freezing – innate defensive behaviours which are believed to be genetically hard-wired. These behaviours indicate a possible ...