Bromine sequestration by advanced functional porous materials

Abstract

The capture and storage of bromine have garnered significant attention in recent years due to its widespread industrial applications as well as its environmental impact as a pollutant. Advanced functional porous materials (AFPMs)—including metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), porous organic polymers (POPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and porous organic cages (POCs)—have emerged as exceptional adsorbent materials in this field. Their high surface areas, tunable porosities, controllable structures, thermal/chemical stability, versatile molecular design, and capacity for functionalization (via pre- or post-synthetic modification) make them highly promising for bromine capture. This review highlights recent advancements in AFPMs for bromine capture from both gaseous and solution phases. We analyze key strategies to enhance bromine uptake, such as redox reactions, coordination interactions, bromination, functional group oxidation, heteroatom interactions, surface area/pore volume optimization, chemical functionalization, and post-synthetic modifications. Additionally, we discuss design strategies for developing next-generation AFPMs with superior bromine adsorption performance. As research progresses, we anticipate broader adoption of these materials in bromine capture applications.