Quantum dynamics of spin-J particles in static and rotating magnetic fields: entanglement resonances and kinks

Abstract

We examine the quantum dynamics of both a single spin-J particle and a pair of spin-J particles in the presence of static and rotating magnetic fields, which can be important for qudit-based quantum technologies. Notably, we find resonant, periodic oscillations between two maximally stretched states, irrespective of the value of J. Additionally, we observe periodic transitions between sublevels with magnetic quantum numbers of opposite signs. The dynamics also exhibit a periodic transfer of the spin to the maximally stretched state, starting from the ground state of the initial Hamiltonian. For a pair of spins, we derive various resonance conditions and further analyze the entanglement generated by dipole–dipole interactions. In the case of two spin-1/2 particles, the entanglement dynamics reveal resonances and kinks in the maximum entanglement, and their criteria can be obtained from the energy spectrum. Strikingly, we show that the kink can be exploited to engineer the entanglement dynamics. Finally, we briefly discuss the regime of weak dipolar interactions, which are relevant for dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates.