Continuous variable direct secure quantum communication using Gaussian states

Abstract

Continuous variable one-way and controlled two-way direct secure quantum communication schemes have been designed using Gaussian states. Specifically, a scheme for continuous variable quantum secure direct communication and another scheme for continuous variable controlled quantum dialogue are proposed using single-mode squeezed coherent states. The security of the proposed schemes against a set of attacks (e.g., Gaussian quantum cloning machine and intercept–resend attacks) has been proved. Further, it is established that the proposed schemes do not require two-mode squeezed states, which are essential for a set of existing proposals. The controlled two-way communication scheme is shown to be very general in nature as it can be reduced to schemes for various relatively simpler cryptographic tasks such as controlled deterministic secure communication, quantum dialogue, and quantum key distribution. In addition, it is briefly discussed that the proposed schemes can provide us tools to design quantum cryptographic solutions for several socioeconomic problems.