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Analysis of mitochondrial morphology dynamics in the maintenance of epithelial polarity in Drosophila oogenesis

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dc.contributor.advisor RIKHY, RICHA
dc.contributor.author UTTEKAR, BHAVIN
dc.date.accessioned 2024-03-11T03:57:33Z
dc.date.available 2024-03-11T03:57:33Z
dc.date.issued 2024-03
dc.identifier.citation 153 en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://dr.iiserpune.ac.in:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/8578
dc.description.abstract A number of stem cells in Drosophila and mammalian systems are partially polarised epithelial cells that have a lateral and basal domain but no apical domain. As a result of their differentiation, an apical domain develops, resulting in a completely polarised epithelial cell. Signaling and metabolic processes combine to control stem cell differentiation. The suppression of the EGFR signaling pathway is coincident with the apical domain formation in Drosophila follicle stem cells and intestinal stem cell differentiation. Previous research has demonstrated that the lack of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 results in abnormal EGFR and Notch signaling as well as the loss of follicle cell differentiation. We have attempted an analysis of the role of mitochondrial dynamics in regulating mitochondrial activity and epithelial polarity in follicle cell differentiation. We have found that loss of Drp1 leads to the presence of follicle cells in multiple layers. This is not seen in the depletion of mitochondrial fusion protein Opa1. Multilayering is coincident with a cytoplasmic accumulation of EGFR signaling component ERK and loss of apical polarity protein aPKC. Interestingly, this loss of apical polarity is regulated by levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). An increase in ROS by depletion of SOD2 and Catalase leads to mitochondrial fragmentation and suppression of apical polarity defect in Drp1-depleted follicle cells similar to Opa1. We find that EGFR signaling pathway activation with ERK inhibits apical polarity in Drp1 depleted follicle cells. Further, mitochondrial fragmentation and an increase in ROS lead to apical polarity and Notch-mediated differentiation in Drp1 depleted follicle cells. Our studies implicate an important interaction between signaling, mitochondrial activity in the form of ROS, and apical polarity formation during differentiation in Drosophila follicle cells. en_US
dc.description.sponsorship 1) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India, for the graduate fellowship. 2) The Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India and Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance for the project fellowship 3) Innoplexus Consulting Services Pvt Ltd., and Scivic Engineering Pvt Ltd. for additional financial support. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.subject Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES en_US
dc.title Analysis of mitochondrial morphology dynamics in the maintenance of epithelial polarity in Drosophila oogenesis en_US
dc.type Thesis en_US
dc.description.embargo No Embargo en_US
dc.type.degree Ph.D en_US
dc.contributor.department Dept. of Biology en_US
dc.contributor.registration 20163447 en_US


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  • PhD THESES [590]
    Thesis submitted to IISER Pune in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

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