IISER Pune Digital Repository

A repository of scholarly research output from the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune.

Browse publications, theses, and other research output produced by the IISER Pune community.

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THESES & PROJECT REPORTS 3013
Theses submitted to IISER Pune in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the BS-MS dual degree, MSc. and Ph.D programmes. Also, project reports submitted by the students.

Recent Submissions

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Integrating satellite remote sensing and deep learning for mapping glacier boundary and its changes in the Himalaya
(Elsevier B.V., 2027--01) Verma, Sarvesh Kumar; Vijay, Saurabh; BANERJEE, ARGHA; Dept. of Earth and Climate Science
Himalaya glaciers are changing rapidly, and therefore, need to be mapped with greater frequency. However, traditional mapping methods are challenging, especially over debris-covered areas and accumulation zones. These areas can easily be confused with bare rocks and perennial snow patches, respectively. In this study, we integrated glacier-dynamic variables, surface velocity and elevation change, along with multispectral data from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8, InSAR coherence and backscatter from Sentinel-1, DEM derivatives, and multi-year minimum NDSI (perennial snowpatches) into five improved DL models (UNet++, M-LandsNet, GlacierNet-2, GlaViTU, and SAUNet) for delineating glaciers in the five basins of the Himalaya. We identified the most relevant layers that retain up to 80% of the information, reducing redundancy. This modified UNet++ achieved the highest mIoU of 0.92–0.98, surpassing the 18-layer input (mIoU = 0.84–0.94) in discriminating snow patches from small glaciers. The modified UNet++ model was applied to generate outlines of more than 500 glaciers in three epochs: 2010, 2019, and 2024. Lake-terminating glaciers retreated 2–3 times faster than land-terminating glaciers, with the highest frontal retreat rate observed in the Chhombo Chhu watershed (∼18–22 m yr−1), while debris-covered glaciers such as Gangotri showed lower rates (<10 m yr−1). This study highlights the importance of glacier dynamics as the input layer for detecting different types of glacier surfaces (e.g., debris, snow), discriminating between similar adjacent off-glacier surfaces, and delineating multi-temporal mountain glacier boundaries. This study shows the potential of integrating satellite data with deep learning methods to efficiently map mountain glaciers, which may be useful in investigating their response to the changing climate.
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Congruences for the ratios of Rankin–Selberg L-functions
(Springer Nature, 2026-10) NARAYANAN, P.; Raghuram, A.; Dept. of Mathematics
A well-known principle states that a congruence between objects should give rise to a corresponding congruence between the special values of L-functions attached to these objects. We computationally investigate this principle for Rankin–Selberg L-functions attached to pairs of holomorphic cuspforms, and formulate a precise conjecture in general.
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Reversible Oxidation of a Nonathia[42]Nonaphyrin(1.1.0.1.1.0.1.1.0) to a 40π Dication Diradicaloid
(American Chemical Society, 2026-10) Panchmukhi, Nikita; Udaya, Hosahalli S.; Deswal, Swati; Shukla, Pragati; ANAND, V. G.; Dept. of Chemistry
A one-pot condensation of bithiophene with thiophene diol under acidic conditions yields 28π, 42π, and 56π expanded porphyrinoids. X-ray crystallographic studies revealed a planar topology for both 28π and 42π macrocycles. Spectroscopic and quantum chemical calculations reveal weak ring current effects, while they undergo reversible two-electron ring oxidation as confirmed by electrochemical studies. Spectroscopic and quantum chemical calculations support a diradicaloid character for the 40π dicationic species.
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The role of synoptic circulations in lower-tropospheric dry static energy variability over a South Asian heatwave hotspot
(Copernicus Publications, 2025-10) SHAH, HARDIK M.; MONTEIRO, JOY M.; Dept. of Earth and Climate Science
We examine the role of the synoptic-scale circulation in the distribution of daily changes of 600–900 hPa dry static energy (DSE) in a heatwave hotspot in northwest South Asia. Using a combination of linear regression and decision trees, we identify how the quasilinear (mean-eddy) and nonlinear (eddy-eddy) components of the flow contribute to different parts of this distribution. We show that the presence of synoptic eddies leads to strong correlations in the meridional and vertical quasilinear components due to quasigeostrophy, allowing us to identify periods of upper tropospheric eddy activity. We show that the synoptic eddies induce a zonal quasilinear component which plays an important role in governing the magnitude and sign of daily DSE changes. Nonlinear components are observed to play an important role in the tails of this distribution, and we show that the specific nonlinear components that are involved depend on the phase of growth or decay of DSE and of the pre-existing DSE anomaly. We identify energetically distinct configurations involved in the tails of this distribution, and identify eddy configurations corresponding to each of these energetic configurations. Our analysis thus provides a discrete set of “regimes” which can be used to classify extreme daily DSE changes, and provides a more nuanced approach to compositing extreme events which is sensitive to the dynamics underpinning each event.
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Lithium Amide: A Catalyst for Depolymerization
(Wiley, 2026-10) SHAH, BRIJ KUMAR; KUNDU, SOMSUBHRA; SIL, DEBANGSU; KHAN, SHABANA; Dept. of Chemistry
The widespread use of plastic materials leads to significant contamination of ecosystems, posing risks to both wildlife and human health. There is an urgent need for efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly catalysts to depolymerize plastic waste into value-added compounds. In this study, we utilized the easily accessible catalyst [Li{N(SiMe3}2]2.2(THF) and pinacolborane (HBpin) as a hydride donor to convert various types of plastic waste, biodegradable/non-biodegradable polyesters, and polycarbonates into respective borylated value-added alcohols under mild conditions without any pre-treatment, up to 99% yield. The borylated 1,4-benzenediol obtained from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) depolymerization is characterized by single-crystal x-ray diffraction studies, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and routine spectroscopic techniques. Additionally, the catalyst has been employed for the depolymerization of mixed/contaminated waste plastics, achieving selective and excellent yields of the borylated alcohols. This catalyst facilitated the gram-scale depolymerization of PET into eco-friendly alcohols, such as 1,4-benzene-di-methanol and ethylene glycol, via the depolymerization of PET waste bottles. Furthermore, mechanistic studies supported by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations provide insights into the catalytic pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of alkali metal-catalyzed depolymerization of esters and carbonates containing waste polymers via a homogeneous method.